What are the three types of traditional grinders?

In the field of mechanical processing, a grinder is a machine tool used for high-precision processing, and is widely used in surface treatment of materials such as metals, plastics, and ceramics. According to its processing object and structural characteristics, grinders can be divided into the following three main types:

1. Surface grinder
Surface grinder is a machine tool used for grinding planes or end faces. Its main feature is that the worktable is movable and the grinding wheel reciprocates in the vertical direction, thereby achieving precision grinding of the workpiece surface.

Type
Horizontal surface grinder: The grinding wheel axis is arranged horizontally, which is suitable for processing larger workpieces.
Vertical surface grinder: The grinding wheel axis is arranged vertically, which is suitable for precision processing of small and medium-sized workpieces.

Application
Surface grinders are widely used in mold manufacturing, automotive parts, precision instruments and other industries. Suitable for processing various metal plates, cast iron parts, stainless steel parts, etc. High precision (IT6~IT7 level) and low surface roughness (Ra 0.8~1.6 μm) processing can be achieved.

2. Cylindrical grinder
Cylindrical grinder is mainly used to grind the outer cylindrical surface or inner hole surface of cylindrical workpieces. Its structure usually includes spindle, grinding wheel frame, tailstock, worktable and other parts.

Type
External cylindrical grinder: used to grind the outer cylindrical surface of the workpiece.
Internal cylindrical grinder: used to grind the inner hole surface of the workpiece.

Application
External cylindrical grinder is suitable for the processing of shaft parts, such as transmission shaft, gear shaft, etc.
Internal cylindrical grinder is suitable for the processing of inner holes of precision bearings, hydraulic cylinders, piston rings, etc.
Cylindrical grinder has high processing accuracy and surface quality, suitable for mass production.

3. Internal cylindrical grinder
Internal cylindrical grinder is a machine tool specially used for grinding the internal holes of workpieces. Its grinding wheel is usually in the form of thin slices, and the precision processing of the inner hole of the workpiece is achieved through rotation and feed motion.

High-speed rotating grinding wheels are usually used for grinding. Some internal cylindrical grinders adopt a centerless structure, do not require center support, and are suitable for the processing of slender workpieces.

Application
The products are widely used in bearing manufacturing, hydraulic systems, automotive parts and other industries. Suitable for precision aperture processing, such as inner holes of φ50mm~φ300mm. The processing accuracy can reach IT5~IT6 level, and the surface roughness Ra is 0.4~1.6 μm.

Differences between CNC grinders and traditional grinders
With the development of CNC technology, CNC grinders have gradually replaced traditional mechanical grinders and become an important tool in modern manufacturing. The following are the main differences between CNC grinders and traditional grinders:

1. Control method
Traditional grinders: mechanical transmission and manual control are adopted. The operator manually controls the feeding of the grinding wheel and the movement of the workpiece through handwheels, foot pedals, etc.
CNC grinders: The various moving axes of the machine tool are controlled by computer programs to realize the automated processing process.

2. Processing accuracy
Traditional grinders: Due to reliance on manual operation, the processing accuracy is greatly affected by the technical level of the operator, usually IT7~IT8 level.
CNC grinder: Through high-precision servo system and software compensation, it can achieve IT5~IT6 level processing accuracy, or even higher.

3. Processing efficiency
Traditional grinder: The processing efficiency is low, suitable for small batch and single piece production.
CNC grinder: It can realize multi-axis linkage processing, suitable for complex surface and contour processing, and the processing efficiency is significantly improved.

4. Operation complexity
Traditional grinder: The operation is relatively simple, but the technical requirements for operators are high.
CNC grinder: The operation interface is friendly, and complex processing paths can be realized through programming, but there are certain requirements for programmers.

5. Degree of automation
Traditional grinder: The degree of automation is low and relies on manual intervention.
CNC grinder: It has a high degree of automation, can realize unattended processing, and is suitable for continuous production.

6. Application scenarios
Traditional grinder: It is suitable for small and medium batch and simple shape processing tasks.
CNC grinder: It is suitable for high-precision, complex shapes, and large-scale production processing tasks.

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