The cooling system of a cylindrical grinder is used to cool the work-piece and reduce friction. This helps to increase the rate of material removal. Coolants are typically water-based emulsions or grinding oils. These fluids are necessary because the grinding process generates a large amount of heat. The amount of coolant used depends on the length of contact between the wheel and work-piece. The larger the contact area, the more coolant is needed to prevent overheating.

Coolant quality is another important consideration. The coolant should have the proper pH, viscosity, and cleanliness. If there is a problem with any of these, specific employees should take the appropriate steps to correct the situation. They should regularly test for pH levels and hardness and conduct tests to ensure the coolant is safe for use. This will allow them to identify any trends and make necessary adjustments.

Coolant pressures are determined using Bernoulli's energy equation. For example, a grinding wheel that is moving at 12,000 sf/m requires a 270 psi nozzle pressure (that's 18.6 bar). Lower pressures are required at lower speeds. Pressure requirements vary according to the type of coolant, which can be water-based, mineral oil, or synthetic oil.